Method and apparatus for making laminated packaging blanks



Feb. 20, 1951 J. A. zlNN, JR 2,542,293

METHOD AND APPARATUS FR MAKING LAMINATED PACKAGING BLANKS '7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 3, 1948 ununnnunnnunnnnnnunnunDDUUUn.n.DUDED uuuunnnnnnuuunuUuDDn-nnunUDUDUDnnunn unn.UDDUDUDUDDUDDUDUUDDDUUDDDUDDDDW l I I I I I I I l ...I I I i I. IS, i. |.S I II\\1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I l Feb. 20, 1951 J. A. zlNN, JR 2,542,298

. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING LAMINATED PACKAGING BLANKS Filed Feb. 3, 1948 7 SheetS Shee1-I 2 ww QN C O SQ@ mfVENToR. M5@ Zwan, J7?, BY @www qb Feb. 20, 1951 J. A. zlNN, JR

METHOD AND APPARATUS FUR MAKING LAMINATED PACKAGING BLANKs 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 3, 1948 snnuununUnuDnDn-UDDGDDDOQ .illl lx..

Feb. 20, 1951 1, A, zlNN, JR 2,542,298

METHOD AND APPARATUS FDR MAKING LAMINATED PACKAGING BLANKS Filed Feb. 3,' 1948 7: Sheets-Sheet 4 I PRINTED Anf Feb. 20, 1951 J. A. ZINN, JR METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING LAMINATED PACKAGING BLANKS 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. s, 194e Q@ NNW 5. 1N1/ ENToR- JuluzCLZ vw, Jr', A

BY Wma v Feb. 20, 1951 J. A. zlNTbllJ, JR 2,542,298

.METHOD AND APPARA S FOR MAKING LAMINATED PACKAGING BLANKS Filed Feb. 3, 1948 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 :if-lli g3 s Z0 lil/72 J4 56 gy 5? 65 INVENTOR.

Y m/ENToR. JuLusCZZz/nnf, J7?,

BY 27m w/ 7 Sheets-Sheet .7

J. A. ZINN, JR .METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING LAMINATED PACKAGING BLANKS Feb. 20, 1951 Flled Feb 3. 1948 Patented Feb. 20, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Julius A`. Zinn, Jr., Chicago, Ill.

Application February 3, 1948, Serial No. 5,917

I4 Claims. l

The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for making packaging blanks and more particularly to an improved method and improved apparatus for forming sheet backing material and sheet lining material into a laminated packaging blank which is adapted to be formed into a sealed package.`

The value of employing sealed containers in packaging certain consumer commodities, particularlg7 liquids and foods, has long been recognized in the packaging art. Such containers must be air and moisture tight and when designed to contain liquid commodities, must also be impervious to the packaged liquid. Paper containers or packages designed to meet these requirements are generally of two types, i. e., those which are coated with wax or another sealing material after the cartons are formed, and those constructed of a laminated stock consisting of an outer backing material, usually cardboard, laminated with an inner lining material, such, for

example, as a metallic foil, waxed paper, or the like, which is relatively much more impervious to air, moisture and liquids generally, than the outer backing material. Known methods and apparatus for making packages of the latter type are not satisfactory for the reason that both in the blank forming stage and in the formation of the into a package, certain operations are conventionally performed which result in air and iiuid leakage paths being inadvertently formed through various wall sections of the completed package. Thus, when prelaminated stock is used in making the package blanks, it is very diflicult to perform the required operations on the laminated stock before cutting the blanksI without damaging the lining lamination. For example, it is almost impossible to score the blank for the purpose of forming the necessary fold lines thereon and then fold along these lines to form the package, without breaking or tearing the lining lamination at points along these lines. Moreover, many of the lining materials having the most desirable characteristics from the standpoint of the sealing and non-contaminating properties thereof, are extremely impervious to liquid adhesives and hence are very difdcult to adhere together or to any other surface. As a result, if such lining materials are used, there is great likelihood ci package failure at the junction surfaces of those portions of the package blank which` are overlapped and adhered together as the. package is termed; this for the reason` that atleast one layer ofthe lining materiall is always interposed between the overlapped'sections of the backing material throughoutl such overlapped portions of the blank. Further, certain edges of theusual packaging blank are always exposed to the package contents after the blank is formedl into a package and filled. This means that if a laminated` blank is used, certain raw edges of the outer paper backing material are exposed to the package contents, with the result that if the package is liquid filled, the liquid may be absorbed into the backing material and cause package failure. Because of the above-mentioned and other problems, and the lack of adequate solutions therefor in known methods and apparatus for making laminated packages,` such packages of this type as have been produced commercially have been quite expensive and have never been found entirely satisfactory for use in packaging liquids.

It is an object of the present invention, therefore, to provide an improved method and improved apparatus for making laminated packaging blanks which may be formed into packages without introducing the above-mentioned defects into the completed package.

It is another object of the invention to provide an improved method and apparatus for 'making laminated packaging blanks which permits all of the usualoperations, such as printing, scoring and the like, to be performed on the blank while insuring that the lining material will not be damaged as these operations are performed.

It is still another object of the invention to provide an improved method and improved apparatus of the character described which may he utilized to manufacture laminated packaging blanks on a high speed production basis with a minimum of operator attention.

The invention, both as to the present improved apparatus and ther present improved methods, will best be understood by reference to the following speciiication, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figs. 1, 2, and 3 when laid end to end in the order named diagrammatically illustrate package i in Fig. 4 illustrating the surface areas of the blankA to which an adhesive material is applied prior to formation of the blank into a package;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line 6 6 in Fig. 5, illustrating in exaggerated thickness the laminated structure of the blank;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the completed blank as seen from the backing material side thereof;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a completed blank as seen from the lining material side thereof, illustrating a different mode of perforating the lining material of the blank;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view illustrating one of the first steps involved in forming the blank, shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6, an-d 7, into a package;

Figs. 10 and l1 are fragmentary perspective views illustrating certain steps which are successively performed in forming the bottom end closure of the package;

Figs. l2 and 13 are fragmentary perspective views illustrating successive steps in the formation of the top closure of the package; rand Fig. 14 is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating the manner in which certain edges of the blank, shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6, and '7, are sealed against liquid penetration.

In general, the improved laminated package blank herein disclosed is formed by separately performing certain preliminary operations on the backing and lining materials, adhering the two materials together to form a composite sheet or laminated stock, and then cutting Y the blanks from the laminated stock. The described steps are continuously performed on a progressive stage basis, and one feature of the' present invention is concerned particularly with separately edge perforating the backing and lining materials as they come off the supply reels in order that the edge perforations may be utilized to synchronize the operations performed on the backing and lining materials at succeeding stages of the blank forming apparatus. ture of the invention, the lining material is perforated over those areas of each blank which are adapted to be facingly engaged and adhered together in forming the blank into a package, thereby to obviate the above-described problem of obtaining a secure bond between two facing lining material surfaces or between facing surfaces of the lining material and backing material. In those particular instances where portions of the blank are overlapped to sandwich two layers of lining material between two pieces of backing material, the perforations through the two engaging layers of lining material are arranged to regis- Vter with each other, thereby to permit direct adhering of the overlapped pieces of backing material together. In this regard, it is noted that the term perforation, as used herein with particular reference to the lining material of each blank, is intended broadly to cover any and all types of openings of whatever size and configuration (such, for example, as round, oval, rectangular, or square) which will permit overlapped segments of the backing material to be directly adhered together in forming the blank into a package.I In accordance with still another feature of the invention, when lining materialsV of certain types, such for example, as aluminum foil, are used which have but little elasticity and tend to tear or break when stretched, the lining material of each blank is adhered to the backing material only over areas which are marginally spaced from the score or fold lines of the blank, thereby to prevent the lining material from being torn or punctured as the blank is folded into the de- In accordance with another fea- ,tra

4. sired package configuration. In accordance with a still further feature of the invention, those edges of the blank which are adapted to be eX- posed to the package contents upon formation of the blank into a package are sealed by impregnating the same with a suitable sealing material; this for the purpose of preventing liquid absorption into the backing material when the blank is formed into a package and filled with a liquid or any material having a liquid constituent.

Referring now to the drawings and more partcularly to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 thereof, the improved apparatus there illustrated is adapted to be used in the production of laminated packaging blanks which may be formed into packages of the particular construction described and claimed in Zinn Patent No. 2,412,666, granted December 17, 1946; It will be understood from the fo.lowing explanation, however, that the present invention is not limited to the formation of blanks of the particular configuration disclosed, but may be successfully employed in the production of blanks of other configurations adapted to be formed into packages of any desired construction and configuration. Briefly considered, the apparatus illustrated in Figs. l, 2, and 3 of the drawings comprises a plurality of tandem related devices, I2, I3, id, I5, and I6 for performing certain preliminary operations on the package blank backing material I6 as this material is unreeed from a supply reel a, a plurality of devices El and i8 for performing certain preliminary operations on the pac.;age blank lining material I I as this material is unreeled from a supply reel Ila, a laminating device I9, and a plurality of additional devices 29, 2l, 22, 23,-and 24, for performing certain final operations upon the laminated backing and lining materials after the two materials are adhered together in the laminatingdevice I9. More specifically, the backing material, which may, for example, comprise a heavy paper, a composite or laminated paper, or semi-stiff cardboard having its long fibers runningthe lengthV of the stock, is fed from the reel Illa directly into a roll or rotary type edge perforating Ydevice I?. raving the function of producing edge perforations along the outer edges of the stock which are utilized in so synchronizing the operations performed at the successive stages that the package blank areas of the two materials over which these operations are performed are maintained in absolute registry throughout the apparatus. From the edge perforating device I2, the backing material IIi is successively fed between the printing'rolls ISa and Ida of two tandem related roll or rotary type printing devices I3 and Ill. At this point, it is noted that as many printing devices as desired may be employed to inscribe the desired printing upon the top surface of the backing material. Thus, if two-color printing is desired, two printing devices or stages will ordinarily be employed, whereas if three-color printing is required, three printing devices or stages will be required. Upon leaving the last printing device lli, the backing material ID is fed between the scoring rolls I5a of a roll VorV rotary type scoring and pulling device I5 havingthe function of producing the score or fold lines required to facilitate formation of the completed blanks into packages. As pointed out more fully below, the scoring dies carried by the rolls Ia are so arranged that predominantly the score lines for each blank are formed by deforming the backing material Ill downward, although certain predetermined ones of the score lines are formed in the reverse manner by deforming the backing material stock upward as viewed in Fig. 1 of the drawings. From the scoring device l5, the backing material IJ is fed between the adhesive stencilling rolls ia of a roll or rotary type stencilling device it having the function of applying a liquid adhesive material to the under side of the backing material only over those areas to which the lining material is to be adhered to the backing material. Upon leaving the adhesive stencilling device IE, the backing material ||l is fed into the laminating device I9 where a pair of laminating rolls |9a bring the backing material into facing engagement with the lining material l! and adhere the two materials together over the areas to which the adhesive material is applied by the stenilling device.

As indicated above, the lining material stock is in rolled sheet form. This material is of the same width as the backing material lil and may consist of cellophane, any of the well known liquidrepellent plastic lms, such for example, as Pliolm, or a metallic lm such as tin foil or aluminum foil, depending upon the particular type of use to which the packages formed from the completed blanks are to be put. As the lining material is withdrawn from the reel ||a, it is first fed between the perfo-rating rolls Ila of a roll or rotary type edge perforating device to have edge perforations formed therein along either side of the stock. These edge perforations have the same spacings transversely and longitudinally of the lining material as the edge perforatio-ns formed by the perforatingdevice l2 in the backing material IB. As it leaves the edge perforating device the lining material is fed between the perforating rolls i3d of a roll or rotary type blank perforating device I8 where the perforations required to insure bonding of the backing materials together in forming the completed blanks into packages are produced. Upon leaving the blank perforating device I8, the perforated lining material is fed between the laminating rolls |9a of the laminating device I9 beneath the backing material l0 to be adhered to the under side of the backing material. lowing lamination of the twoI materials IB and I i between the rolls |911, the laminated stock passes around a pair of cooling rolls |901 and |96 forming a part of the laminating device I9. These rolls perform the function of cooling and setting the adhesive material employed in adhering the two materials together. After exiting from the laminating device I9, the laminated stock is fed between a pair of thermoplastic or adhesive applicator rolls 26a embodied in a roll o-r rotary type thermoplastic applicator device 20, wherein a certain predetermined area within the boundaries of each blank is given a coating of thermoplastic adhesive material. This material is applied to the under side of the laminated blank, i. e., to the lining material and through certain predetermined perforatio-ns in this material to the under.

side of the backing material lil. Upon exiting from the applicator device 2li, the laminated stock is fed through a stock turning device 2| having the function of turning the stock over so that the lining material i is disposed above the backing material IU. The purpose of this stock side reversing step will become more fully apparent from the following detailed explanation of the mode of operation of the apparatus. From the stock turning device 2|, the laminated stock is fed between the applicator rolls 22a of a second roll or rotary type thermoplastic applicator device 22 which has the function of coating certain predetermined areas within the boundaries of each blank with a thermoplastic adhesive material. In this case, the adhesive material is applied to the under surface of the backing material I0 by the lowermost applicator ro-ll 22a, the particular material used being the same as that employed at the applicator stage 20. After leaving the thermoplastic applicator device 22, the laminated stock is fed between a pair of blank cutting rolls 23a embodied in a roll or rotary type blank cutting device 22 where the laminated stock is cut through along the blank boundaries. Following this cutting operation, the laminated stock is fed between a pair of stripping rolls 24a embodied in a roll or rotary type blank stripping and pulling device 24. These rolls perform the function of stripping the formed blanks from the laminated stock. As the blanks, one of which is indicated at 3|), are stripped from the laminated stock they are ejected or dropped onto a conveyor belt 25a embodied in a stacking device where they are stacked for conveyance to an edge sealing static-n, not shown. The laminated stock scrap, upon exiting from the blank stripping device 24, is preferably rolled up on a reel 28 in convenient form for shipment as scrap material.

All of the above-described devices |2, |3, ivi, l5, I6, |1, I8, I9, 20, 2|, 22, 23, 24, and 25 are well known in the art and accordingly have only been shown schematically in the drawings. In actual practice, these devices form parts of one complete machine having a common bed or frame and common driving means. It is significant to point out that each of the devices I2 to 2t, inclusive, 22, 23, and 24 is 0f the roll or rotary type such `that movement of the materials l0 and l through the machine may proceed continuously at any speed within the operating capabilities of the machine.

For the purpose of operating the described devices |2 to 20, inclusive, 22, 23, and 2Q, common driving means 26, preferably comprising a constant speed electric motor, are provided. This motor, which may be geared down to operate at any desired speed is also geared or sprocket and chain connected, as indicated by the dashed line 21, to drive at least the operation performing roll or rolls of each of the devices i2 to 214, inclusive, in synchronism, such that the areas operated upon at successive stages of the apparatus are positionally related to each other in the proper manner. In this regard and as the following explanation will show, perfect registration or positional displacement 0f the areas operated upon, both as regards the backing material and the lining material in advance of lamination and in respect to the operations performed on the laminated stock, is essential to satisfactory' operation of the described apparatus. To achieve this. end, the edge perforations formed in the backing material I0 by the edge perforating device i2 and in the lining material by the edge perfor-ating device I are employed to obtain and maintainthe desired positional relationship between the areas operated upon at the various stages of the apparatus. Specically, the edge perforations of the backing material I0 are indexed with the gwhich are rotated with the lower rolls |3a, Illa,

teeth of driving sprockets |3b, Mb, |519, and |5o 'which are rotated with the lower roll |8a of the 11i blank?perforating-devicefl8. li'u'rtherftotheJSame:` end; the=edge-perforations-of boththebacking; materiali? i Sand -'tl-1eli'ning material-fi I are `in deXedwith the -teeth of; 1 driving-sprockets I S bg `Zlib, 22h; 23o', and2fwhichrarefrotated'with the- 5` lowermost rolls o theH devices I 9; 26,122-,5 23';`va'nd: 24, respectively. In orderethatrtheqdescribedJ sprockets; in the 'engagement I`of^tl1eir teeth withthe "edge perforatio-ns of the two l materials v-I El Randi II, may haveA funi-control of the feedr-'at-eacll' 10y operational Stagefa certain amount of-material-l slackisvprefer-ably provided between eachi-adj'acent pair- -of devices in-which-the above-describedKV printing, scoring, adhesivefstencilling'; thermo-1- plastic l adhesive lapplic'ating,J blank@ cutting4 and@ 15 blanlestrippingV operations-rare performed",

While the rnode-f foi *operationr ot-'the present improved `apparatuswill beepartially apparentroml =-the foregoing,explanation,Vv certain` aspects thereofl will'bestibe 1-understoodA-by reference `to the plan views of the #backing-and `:lining mate-'- rialseillustrated-in Figs.'1a,-i2a, and Sa'lof-'the drawings,- which when-laid endA to endthe y ordery named schematically illustrate @the @steps performed by succeeding vdevices ofthe appara- 2 tus,V and '-by reference totheV planviewof a completed packaging blank as shown in Fig-.f` 4J of thedrawings.- Inlorderclearly'to indicate-the positional relationshipvbetween the areas-op erated upon 'at successive vstages ofthe machine-30 andthe boundaries -of `the :comple tedfblanks;` the blankboundariesla have been shown in dashed y linesv immediately beneathfeaoh device in Figs.- l,Y

2,- andy 3 at which an-2 operation is performed@ uponY one -oi the twostock'-'rnaterialsu Forpurhgf poses of' clarity,v only 'the-particular operation performed -at any-givenstage of the -machine 'is shown* in that portion oifr'iig.v la, 2cI or A3a which;VA

is disposed immediately belowthe stage--as-shown.`

in Fig. 1, 2, or 3. It will be understood that-4:0V actual practice theffblanks are formed edgee to edge-longitudinallyfof the stockmater-ials'inorder to avoid materialwaste. In theinterestsotclarity, however, they have been-shown-Ain spacedv apart relationshiplongitudinally of-thestockfA materials.

As will be-:evident fromlan lexamination offthe'f identiiied-fgures -and-fthefollowing detailed de-` scription of the completed packagingfblank, the blanksy are progressively-formed'two-or more=at 150 a time atv-'succeedingfoperational stages of the apparatus. As shown, each device-simultaneous- 1y performs the operations required in the maki-ngi` of two blanks; It will-be-understood, however,-4 that with a machine `of adequatecapacity and=\"55- stock materials of adequate wid-th,--four ori-more blank forming operations `may si-multaneouslyA-be: performed transversely of the stock..materialsr at each stage of the machine.` It will alsobe apV parent from the manner in which -Yth'enblank' 60 boundaries are laidout along the rstockzmaterialsh` that the blanks are formed lengthwise` of fthese materialssuch that when the-blanksares-folded*` into package form, the long Vibers offthe back@ ing material extend around i' the package; sides \-65 to lend rigidity and strength l to the;package.:V structure. Y

Referring 4now'imore in 'detail'to ithe: specific.v operationsperformed on :the backingrimaterial VIE5 prior to; laminationzot this 2 material with Lethal. lining material` il, it. isapointedi` out thateinythei; perforating devicen I 2, edge-v'perforations.:.2 9 care` continuously formedf.'alongiopposite:edges of the:j sheet stock Lfor later .engagement with l,the teethi off the Lfeeding.-ssprocketseofirthe :zsucceeding dee0 1 V75 vices 4fin the manner explained above' In the printingfdevioe I3, segmental'f portions "of the rectangular areas 3 I- are printedV -in-V one color within the' boundaries 30a.l of -a `pair of--blanl:s. Asbest shownin-Figs 7,712, `and 13 of the -drawings,- the-segmental vportions krof the area l 3 I o1" each1 blank-:fall upon the? top closure panels lil; andi-12pt the completed package.- In the-'printing dev-ice IIL; different Apredetermined=areas 321 within the boundariesa of the pai-r of blanks are printed,- at least voverfcertainvr portions of these areas. By reference Vto Fig-7 'of the drawings,-v it'rwillf-be noted that this printingis dis` posed withinrthe connesof the side panels t3 and-47 of the-completed-package It `will be-understood that orinarily different -color printing is employed at the Astages I 3 andfl Iglsince otherwise,v a singleUprintingstage-might be used. It wil-lrv lalso be/understoodfthat lif printing in otheri colors-is required," additional 'printing stages may-.1 be employed 'to takey care ofadditionalV colors.v

Inl passing through thescoring device I 5," scorerlinesf-33 areproduced l'by -the scoring rolls-M4511 within the boundaries of: -the twoblanksvilm 'Byparticular reference'to Figi.A 4 of the drawingspY it will be seenethat v therscorelines producedvwithin the-@boundaries of:V each blank` comprise :four lines 33a'- extending -fromith'e top Ato thevbottom `of' the Lblank; three flnes Ylbextending .throughout the length -of thel blanke, two .pairs o-I angularly disposed lines 33g-and33h'lwhich are lprovided' to faci1itate-formationr'of' the bottom package i closure-fin folding fthe blank winto `a package; andy r four Vpairs oflines- 33e, 33d, 33e, and :f SSfv-Lwhichl -serve f to 1 facilitate formation nofi the top closure, structureA in foldinglth'eblank linto ai-package.l As will be apparentfrom the following-explana-A tion withrree'rence tothe-manner Vof forming Ythe f blank' into .apackaga excepting-three -stepsf-all vfolding steps requiredlin forming the-topandi bottom 4closure Ystructures ofA the `package ninvolve bending` the blank about thedescribed .score4 linesA insuch-'a direction that the outside-fof Jeach:. bendf ish-at: the outer# backing: material.y sideofr. vthe Yblank.V onf-thelotherh'and, theJ bends made involve reverse bending: of the stock` in formeY ing-1th'evblankV into a-Lpackage. Iii-accordance with'V f one lfeature :loft/the present`` invention, i the4 v"for-ming dies oflthe scoringarolls.` larelfsomated.;

that allof.. the scoreLlines 33a,133b; 33c,.and:33fs.

are formed tby` pressing Y therbacking material I DA;

downward ifromithe .topsurfaoe thereof alongthe` side thereof as .viewed .in Fig. 1 ,along the. laste! mentioned rscoreiflines: Iny .this:;,way,f` the :score:v

line;H depressionsareifsuohthat Aeach'.I and every1 "fol'dingf operationrinvolved. Ain`- forming the. blank Y.

into 4a f package' 'is'. effected. .lby' :bending Ythe vb'acke ing materialof the `blanliaround .thefscore-line depressionsif.Y This has, .the teiectiof minimizing; z, they likelihood: of-.tearing -4theJoackingmaterial oi. i *theiblank Aas the ioldingboperations involved-.ini` formingitheblank intoa package areperormedf; In vorder to facilitatei;anqunderstandingofithef particular-.manner inawhichlth'e adhesivemate:

rial-frequiredfto laminate-the backing `materia-lil ilY -andthezliningiinaterial l'lil isapplied to the-runderside-of` the backing material overl onlypredeter-A mined I'surfaoe;.fareas oifthis-.material` the opera-V tions which areaperformedfonthe liningmaterial-f.

II `in advance-ofibringi-ngthis materialfinto-Len` nation in the device I9 should first be considered. Briefly, as the lining material II is withdrawn from the supply reel IIa, it is rst fed between the perforating rolls Ila of the edge perforating device I'I to form the edge perforations 36 along the opposite edges thereof which are employed to insure positional tracking'of the lining material with the backing material Iii in the manner explained above. From the edge perforating device il the lining material II is fed into the blank perforating device IB where it is perforated as indicated at 3l within the boundaries of each packaging blank only Within the confines of the border lines 38. These border lines are Within the areas of the blank which are brought into facing engagement and adhered together in forming the blank into a package. The particular configuration and size of the perforations 31 is of no importance. For example, the perforations may be in the form of small round holes as predominantly shown throughout the various figures of the drawings. Alternatively, the perforations 3l may be in the form of elongated slots of rectangular configuration, as shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings. While the particular configuration of the perforation openings is of no importance, the positional relationship of certain of these openings with respect to each other is of great importance. Thus, the purpose of providing such openings is to permit direct adherence of facing segments of the backing material together through the perforation openings as the completed blank is formed into a package. Over those areas of the blank Where two thicknesses of the lining material are sandwiched between overlapped portions of the backing material in forming the blank into a package, it is necessary, in order to realize the desired end of obtaining a direct adhesive connection between the overlapped segments of backing material, to so position the perforation holes 31 that the holes through the two engaging layers of lining material are in registry. In constructing a blank of the character shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings which is adapted to be formed into a package of the type shown in Figs. 9 through 13 of the drawings, this requirement of perforation hole registry involves the perforation holes 37a, S'lb, 3io, 37d, 31e, 31j, Slg, 37h, 31k, 37m, 31p, 31o, 31p, 31s. More specifically, the perforation holes 31a and 31e are adapted to register with the perforationA holes 37b when the blank is formed into a package. Similarly, the holes 31d and 37j are so positioned as to register with the holes Ble as the bottom closure parts of the blank are folded and overlapped incident to formation of the blank into a package. As regards the top closure parts of the blank, the perforation holes 31g and 31h are so positioned as to register with each other, the holes Silo and Slm are likewise positioned to be brought into registry. At the other end of the top closure structure, the holes 31h, are adapted to register with the holes 31o and the holes 31p are arranged to be brought into registry with the holes 3ls. Further, each of the score lines 33e, 5^g, and 33h and the right end of the upper score line 33h has a perforaton hole 3l centered thereover in the lining material II of the blank. Aside from the described positional arrangment of certain of the perforation holes, it is pointed out that all perforation holes are marginally spaced back from the boundaries of those areas of the blank which are overlapped and adhered together in forming the blank into a. package. This is clearly illustrated in Fig. of

the drawings, wherein the perforated areas within the dashed lines 38 are shown in superimposed relationship with the areas of the lining material side of the completed blank to which the adhesive is applied for the purpose of adhering overlapped parts of the blank together as the blank is formed into a package. The purpose of thus marginally spacing the outer boundaries of the perforated areas of the lning material back from the boundaries of the `blank to which adhesive is applied during the package forming operation, is that of insuring a continuous adhesive seal along these marginal strips which separate the perforated lining material areas from th-e inside o the formed package, This seal serves the purpose of rendering the package siftproof and preventing a liquid with which the package may be iled from penetrating the outer backing material by way of the perforation holes. It will be understood that precision cutting of the perforation holes 3l through the lining material II within the described predetermined areas of the boundaries of each blank is obtained by careful desgn of the cutting dies with which the perforating rolls Ia of the device IS are equipped. It will also be understood that by appropriate design of these dies, any desired peroration pattern peculiarly adapted to the requirements of any particular type of laminated blank may readily be obtained.

With the above description pertaining to the lining material perforating step in mind, the particular manner in which theadhesive material is stenci`led onto the under surface of the backing material I over predetermined areas within the boundaries of each packaging blank becomes more readily apparent. Specifically, if a non-stretchable lining material II, such as aluminum foil is used and a non-thermoplastic adhesive lmaterial is to be employed in adhering the lining material to the backing material I El, all areas within each blank boundary are coatedwith the adhesive material excepting those areas which are brought into registration with the perforations 31 through the lining material I iin the laminating device I9, and those narrow strips extending along each side of the score lines 33. More specifically, the design of the adhesive V stenciIling surfaces with which the rolls Ilia of those narrow strips bounded by the margin lines 35 between which the score lines 33 are located. Preferably the margin lines 35 are spaced from the edges of the adjacent score lines a distance which may range from one-sixteenth to oneeighth of an inch. The purpose of thus excluding the score lines and adjacent strip zones in applying the adhesive material to the backing material is to prevent adherence of the lining material lII to the backing material Iii over these zones, with the result that in the completed blank those portions of the lining material which `overlie the score lines of the backing material are freely movable relative to the backing material and hence are not subjected to sharp bending and excessive strains as the completed blank is foldedinto package form. The purpose of excluding the areas of the backing material which register with the lining material perforations 31 in applying the adhesive ina-Y terial to the backing material is that of pre- -blank into-a package-land tozwhich the thermo- `plastic adhesive material imay be-applied-atrthe stages. 2@ and 22 :over'the blankhareas 39aand 39h iin Vthe manner explained below. lItfis not .desirable-to .coat these-surfaces ofl the backing .ma-terial .with the adhesive employed -in Vfthe .laminating step, aallow these adhesivecoated surfaces tosetf and then're-coat the-samel sur- 4'faces with. a :second adhesive material during theapackage :forming operation `for ithef reason 'that'.itisdiiiicults. to obtain a rigid `bondfwhi'ch will, not. .peel between? the: adhesive material ap- :plied duringthe..packagewforming:step andfthe adhesive ,i .material applied fimmediately before the;- laminating step. '."iFurther, exposure-off the unset adhesive :.materi'al I through YtheI perforationsi'l. of-theA lining material merely .complicat esrthe laminating stepkin that' it kintroduces theproblem 01.;preventing the adhesively coated :backing :material f from adhering i to fthe lower laminating roll; -I 9a through the. iperforationsffin lthexlining material.

:As-will be evident-from? thewpreceding paragraph; thealaminatingyrollsf19a serve; tha-function offiniirmlyipressing together the backing. materiahv ai aand; the lining material I Issorthatfthe liningfmaterial 1 is: adhered. to'ffthev backing material over those areas of the backingamaterial which arexcoated withitheaadhesive material: in the described: adhesiveastencilling step. "In-"this regard; itis'vpointediout .that engagement -ofthe sprocket;,wheels;'.IilbI withithe .edge r`perfor-ations 25k-.andi zof'ftheitwo materialsv I `and" I Ill-is relied uponmtodbring. the :blankboundaries of i the liningfmaterial vand-f."the-b-acking material into perfect lregistrylas.'L .the laminatingv step proceeds. After;` passing'betweenfthe laminating "rolls-k I 9a, theylaminated .stockziis :passed aroundi the" idling cooling :rolls I9dand SIGs-1in the order named. These1rolls,zwhichvmayzbe:maintained at a relatively :low @temperature i by circulating-a fliquid coolant therethrough.: serve` vrto 'seti the adhesive bondi` betweenr thentwo xmate'rials I' lI 0 and I I: over theiareasfof .eachnpackagingfblank. Inf-this regardaitis notedfthatia 2glue f type of: adhesive will ordinarily bei employed infllthe stencillingf device I6, which,` isemaintainedin fafluid condition through :the applicationaof "-heat thereto, and hardens; or asets: when :cooled down tof-a,V predeter-mined temperature.

:After i passing-1 around i* the flower cooling` lroll stencilling rolls :y 23a l of fthe thermoplastic -ap plicatorz device, 2i?. 'iT'.hese stencilling rollsf-perform: the. functionofapplying=-a thermoplastic type-:ofA adhesive material :to' theI areaVv 3mi-:Within tha-boundaries Jof each i blank. zfKnown typesy of Athermoplastic aapplicators conventionally function to @applyratihesive vmaterials to the lowermo'stsurfacezofathestock=worked upon. It willi-be understood'atherefore,'I thatrrthe surfaces Sgariare actuallyifdisposedf:onfthe 'f lower lsurface 1 tion.: of :'reversingzthe; sides of the stock sof that the lining material I I` faces upward and the backing-material l10"*faces downward "during con- Ltinued'movement; of the laminated' stock'through thedevices 22;-23, and24. Preferably; .the turning device 2I- isofthe" type .Which'twists the laminated sheet stock through 180 Vdegrees longitudinally-ot the stock. 'It will be understoodthat-when the twisting type of turningde- -vice-is employed, a-substantial` length segment of 'the-'stock must be encompassed withinithe ends-of' the turning device in order that the Astock `may'be turned without-` danger of tearing the same orl breaking the adherentbondbetween the `two flaminate'd materials. Due to the substantial length off-travel ofthe stock material through Lthe-fturning-device 2 I the thermoplastic-adhesive :material-applied tothearea 39a of each blank in the? applicator i device 2 il i has an `opportunity' to cool and. set before the laminated stock is again passed betweena vset of operating rolls. If fder"sired, the-thermoplastic material setting operaltion l,may beacceleratedV by blowing i cool air over thenzones 33a asthe laminatedstock passes betweenthe'two devices 20 andZI.

From'the stock turning device 2I the laminated stock passes into the thermoplastic applicator devicei'22 wherein thelarea 39h within the boundaries-bf -each' blank "5.39m arecoated with the same `ithermoplastic adhesive material as is used inthe applicatordevice- 20. It willbe notedthat theareas' 3 Sibv register .with theareas Y 39a butiare on fthe 4-opposite i side of the laminated i stock. More Aspecically, the f device i22 functions to stencilfthe thermoplastic adhesive-material upon the=` laminated1stockat the under side thereof, i.: e.,to the; `surface 'of the backingrmaterial '-'cn which .'.thewprinting operations are'performed. This thermoplastic-adhesive coating over thearea 35h of-eaclr blank, like that applied to the area 3Sa=feacli blank, is Iutilized toY seal certain top closure parts -of the blank-together iny 'forming the-top closurestructure of the package after the-packageislilled Uponexiting from the applicator-"devicei 22, the' thermoplastic adhesively coatediareasb may be passed through streams of cool' air for 'the purpose of setting the thermoplasticmateriali-before it enters the blank cutting-device '23.

In passingfthrough-theblankv cutting device 273,1 the cutting rolls 23a function to cut the laminated -v stock material along the boundary lines-ofL each pair Aof blanks 1 andl alsoV alongl the linesBb-and-Bllc-which `extend upwardly from the respective bottom edges of the blanks. The cutting dies also cut the'v laminated stockalong thelinesSEld-in order to sever the blanks @teach pair from-eachother. It is specicalh7 noted that'l the upper roll 23a in the cutting device 23 Lisf-equipped-with the cutting elements which penetrate the laminated stock in a downward di- "rectionftofeffectlcutting of this stock along the boundaries of the blanksand the described lines 30h, v30e, and Bild. Thus, the relatively thin lining material II is cut through before the cutting knives :penetrate the` relatively thick back- 4"ing" material fill. "Thisme'thod of cutting the blanks"-isofgreat importancesince it insures cleancuttingy of 'the thin and relatively hard lining material all the lway through along all severance ilines and hence precludes stripping of thisfmate'rialfrom the backing material iB when the-laminated stock progresses between the stripping rollsliaof `the blank stripping and pulling device=f24.

L"Upon entering the V'stripping V Adevice 126, the

stripping rolls 2da function to strip the completed `blanks from the laminated stock, allowing each blank 3B to fall downward onto the conveyor belt 25a of the conveyer 25 through appropriate openings in the bottom housing of the stripping device 2d and the top housing of the conveyor 25. lf required, high velocity air jets directed against the upper side of the laminated stock after leaving the stripping rolls 24u may be employed to assist gravity in severing the completed blanks 3i? from the laminated stock material. Upon exiting from the stripping device 2li, the laminatecl stock scrap which remains after the completed packaging blanks are stripped from the laminated stock may be rolled into a roll 2S of convenient form for handling in shipment to purchasers of such stock.

Preferably, the conveying device 25 is of the intermittently operated type, such that the conveyer belt 25a thereof' is moved in step-by-step fashion at discrete time intervals to convey the stocks of completed blanks out of the conveyor 25 to an edge impregnating stand. Each period during which the conveyor belt 25u is at rest is suilicient to permit a predetermined number of completed blanks 3B to be stripped from the laminated stock and to pile up on the conveyor belt. rlhus the blanks are conveniently stacked for handling during the edge sealing operation.

As will be evident from the foregoing explanation, the relative disposition of the various devices !3 to 2e, inclusive, in terms of the particular points in the described blank making process at which they perform their respective operations, is of the utmost importance. ly available printing devices of the roll type suitable for use in the printing stages i3 and M are conventionally of the top applicator type, whereas commercially available adhesive stencilling devices of the character employed at the applicator stages I6, 2Q, and 22 are usually of the bottom applicator type. On the other hand, scoring and blank cutting devices of the character employed at the stages l5 and 23 are commercially available which operate upon either or both of the top and bottom surfaces of the stock material passed therethrough. Hence, it is possible to perform all preliminary operations on the backing material le without turning the material over, i. e., without reversing the sides thereof in the manner performed by the device 2i. Moreover, by performing the preliminary operations on the lining material l and feeding this material in along the bottom surface of the backing material lil, it becomes unnecessary to reverse the sides of the backing material ii! (while the adhesive material is in a iluid state) between the stencilling device i6 and the laminating device I. Also, by employing the thermoplastic applicator device 2li to coat the areas 39a of each pair of blanks immediately after the laminating step is completed, conventional bottom applicator type of applicator devices 2li and 22 may be einployed while at the same time requiring only a single stock turning device 2l in the apparatus. In positioning this turning device between the two applicator devices 2D and 22, the laminated stock is not only conditioned for the bottom application of thermoplastic material to the areas 3th of each pair of blanks, but in addition, the previously coated areas Sta are permitted to set and the stock is placed in the proper position for blank cutting first through the lining material and then through the backing material to achieve the advantages described above. Thus Thus, commercialthe present improved apparatus is arranged in an entirely unique manner to provide for continuous production of the laminated blanks of unique construction on a production basis while obtaining all of the advantages described above and without any operator intervention.

The next step in the production of the completed blanks is that of impregnating certain edges of each blank with an air-drying sealing material or compound over only those edges thereof which are adapted to be exposed to the package contents when the balnk is formed into a package and filled. As will be evident from the following description of the mode of forming the blank into a package, only those edges dentied at we in Fig. 4 of the drawings are adapted to be exposed to the package contents and hence require impregnation with a sealing material to prevent liquid penetration `of the backing material I6. Conveniently, the blanks may be edge impregnated in stacks as they are delivered by the conveyer 25 to an edge impregnating station, not shown. At this station, the stacks of blanks are manually removed from the conveyer belt 25a and with the edges of all blanks in each stack in registry are compressed by means of a ram press or the like. Preferably, the pressing head of the press should be suitably designed so that in compressing the stack of blanks, the score lines of the blanks are not compressed and the edge 30e of the stacked blanks are marginally spaced from points or surfaces to which the pressing forces are applied. The latter feature is desirable since it permits some penetration of the sealing compound between the balnks, such that the compound may completely seal over the edge surfaces of the blanks and effectively form sealing clips. With a stack of blanks compressed in the manner just described, the sealing compound may either be applied to the edges 39e by spraying or 'brushing as desired. Preferably, an air-drying liquid sealing compound, such, for example, as Glyptal, having good qualities of stock penetration, is employed in sealing the blank edges. The character of the seal produced is illustrated in exaggerated form in Fig. 14 of the drawings. As there shown, the sealing material penetrates the backing material ill for an appreciable distance inward from the edge tile and upon drying effectively forms a clip Iif which binds the edge of the lining material Il to the adjacent edge of the backing material lll to prevent separation of these two materials along the edges 30e of the blank. After a stack of blanks is edge coated with the sealing material along the edges 3e in the manner just explained, they are immediately removed from the press and separated before the sealing material sets, thereby to permit air-drying of the sealing material without adherence of two or more blanks together. Following this operation, the blanks may be restacked and packaged in flat form for shipment.

From the preceding explanation, it will be understood that the novel method and apparatus herein disclosed, while not limited thereto, are well adapted for use in the continuous production of laminated packaging blanks adapted to be formed into packages characterized by the novel features disclosed and claimed in applicants prior Patent No. 2,412,666, granted December 17, 1946. As there described and again referring more particularly to Fig. 4 of the drawings, each blank $0 comprises a main body portion 40, a bottom closing portion 4I, and a top fragazrzgeos 15 closing portion-.42. The l:bodyportiontrof .the Y blank i .comprises aA side wall panel.. 43,.: end wall panelsz44 and-145,:,andside panel members-46 and '4l which 'Y are L arranged .to be adhesively joined tol formv atwo-ply'. side wallpanelfofi the 5 54 andv 55"respectively'.separated from the end 1,-,

ilapmemberszill and 5l1a1ong the severance lines 3.62) and3c. :.Sirnilarly, the sideflapzmemberV 1153 is provided Valong opposite -ends thereof with integralfwing parts' 56i and lwwhichy are separated 4fromaithei:adjacentfY end ilap:members 2 5ll1and5l .along the: severance lineslb andtc. Eachof thesideand' endfflap` members 49, 50, 5l, 52,: and 53 is effectively; hingedetopthebody portionsv ill of A,the blank'ralong ,the lowermost score. 1ne'33b. `Similarly,` thefsideflap member wing parts 54, 55, '56, fand*l 5l are". effectively hinged to thev side ilapzmembers'fSZ, 53,;and-49, respectively, along i. the. verticaL score.;V lines 33a. These `wings are foldably. hingedv totheiend flap members 50 and 5l along..thescorelines-gf and 33h, which, as shown,.extend from the upper ends. of'v the severancerlinesfb and 30o tothe adjacent points V'of'intersection between therespective adjacentxscore lines 33aandi33b. The described scare lines `39g and 33h are disposed ate degree angles zwithrespect to the score lines 33a andetb.

YVThe parts forming-the topclosingvportion-QZ o-f the blankV are formable into a'belloWs-fold type of top closureand. comprise end wall parte-68 and iprovidcd` with. they score vlinesr33d` and'33e for facilitating formation-of the bellows-folds, .a side wallV partv, and side-.wall members 1|; and 'I2 which are 'arranged to` be-adhesively joined-to forma two-ply upperxside` wallin-v forming. the blank into a package. The side and end wall .parts of the top closure' blankportionfare respectively'prcvided withrmouthi closingpranels" 59, Y65, 5I, 62,63,- 64, and 55'which are-arranged to `be folded and `brought'.togetherfin the manner: explained below to form an upstanding and elongated mouth structure of the character shown in Fig. 13 of the drawings. The .mouth closing panelsv 59 and .55 are `respectively'provided with extended tab'fwingsil and `6'! arranged to:be adhesivelyjoined to f0rm -.a folding apfwhichfencloses the elongated mouth structure of the package .inthe manne-r illustratedin Fig. l'ofzthe drawings. j As will beevident from inspection'` .of Figq' of .ther drawings, the` panels; @iL-5 9, 70,11; and '12*are'hingedly'con-nected to themain body portion'il of the blank .bymeans of .the middle score line 33h. The .mouth closing panels v59,` 69, (il, 62,Y 53,64, vand-G5 are hingedly connected-to the blank parts 7l,58,7,169, and 12 bymeans ofl 6 the uppersoorev line-r 33h. "Vertically, the' top closure parts'of theblankare hingedly connected byV means. of the: vertically. extendinggscore lines 33a. Inward foldingof'the endpanelsl and 69 and connected mouth closing panels 66,-' 6 I, 63, and-64? is.facilitatedzby,the-vertical score lines 33e which extend vertically downward lfrom the top edge1ofi the. blank to the points of intersection-"ofithefscore lines 33dand 33e. `iThescore lines rlrserve hingedjlyctoconnectxthe folding; 75

, 1:16 tabsfV and-61 to 'themouth closure panels 59' and 65, respectively. As previously describedall of the score lineswith` the exception of the lines 33C, 33d, 33e, 33g, and 33h face inwardly, i.'e.,

bulge upwardly from the lining material side of the blank. The identified score lines, on the other hand, vextend in the reverse direction, i. e., bulge outwardly from the printed surface of the blank. Also, and as previously pointed out, the lining material lamination of theblank is perforated over those areas thereof, illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings, which are adapted to be brought into facing engagement and adhered together in folding the'blank into a package, with certain of the perforations being adapted to be brought into registry as certain of the folding operations are performed. Further and as explained above, the

lining material lamination of the blank is not adhered to the backing material lamination within the strips .defined by themargin lines 35 on either side of each score line. f

'In forming the described blank into a package in the manner disclosed and claimed in applicants copending applicationSerial No. 612,177, filed August' 23, 1945, now Patent No. 2,480,176, granted August 30, 1949, the blank is first fed through an adhesive stencilling device similar to that used at the stage i6 offthe blank forming process, wherein the liner lamination side thereofV is stencilled with an adhesive coating over the stippled areas. of the blank as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. ,As previously pointed out, the boundaries 3B within which the liner perforations are coninedarel marginally spaced inward from the boundaries of the areas to which the adhesive coating is applied in Order to insure adhering of an unperforated portion of the lining material to the backing. material or another unperforated and facing portion of the lining material incident to the package forming operation. After the adhesive coating is applied to the indicated surfaces of the blank, it is delivered to the forming facilities of a package forming machine where the side and bottom closure structures are made. The rst operation performed in this machine is that of wrapping the blank around a forming mandrel to bend the same along the score lines 33a in the manner illustrated in Fig, 9 of the drawings until the adhesively perforated lining material side of the blank parts 61,' G5, T2, lll, and 53 is brought into facing engagement with the backing material side of the parts 55, 59, "H, 46, and 52, respectively. By a. suitable pressure application, the identified facingly engaged parts of the blank are obviouslyA adhered together, thus completing formation of the side and end wall structure of the package. Itwill be understood that the backing material laminations o-f the overlapped parts are directly adhered together through the perforations 31 in the lining material lamination disposed between the two overlapped parts of the backing material.

In forming the bottom closure structure of the package, the two-ply end panel consisting of the 5l adhesively connected blank parts 52 and 53 is rst pushed inwardly around the bottom score line 33D into the plane of the bottom end or" the package, following which the bottom side panel 49 is folded Yinwardly along the same score. line 33h until it facinglyA engages the backing side of this two-ply end panel. .Incident to these folding operations, the wing parts 54 and 55 of the blank are drawn in with the bottom closure panel to bring the lining material sides thereof into` Y; facing engagement with the lining material sides mouth closure side panel 62.

of the end nap members 50 and 5|, respectively, This is the rst point in the package forming operation at which two lining material sides of the blank are brought into facing engagement and adhered together. However, and as previously pointed out, the lamination perforations 31o and 31d are positioned to register respectively with the liner perforations 31h and 31e. Accordingly, an adhesive bond may be formed through these openings between the facing surfaces of the backing material segments which are exposed to each other through these openings. In similar manner, the lining material perforations 37e and 37j are brought into registry with the lining material perforations 37b and 31e so that the backing material laminations of the wings 56 and El? may be adhered directly to the backing material parts of the end closure members 50 and 5 l.

Following the described operation of folding the bottom end panels into place, the end flaps 5S] and 5l may be folded over and adhered to the backing material side of the end panel 49. Here again, the perforations in the lining material lamination of the end flaps 50 and 5I insures direct bonding of the backing material lamination of these flaps to the backing material lamination of the panel 45. The bottom end closure structure is completed by bringing a pressing head into engagement with this structure to press the same against the forming mandrel and thus produce an efficient adhesive material bond between all facing parts of the structure. As explained in applicants prior patent,

referred to above, by recessing the end panels 52 and 53 along the opposite edges thereof to provide spaces for accommodating the wing parts 54, 55, 56, and 51, a bottom closure structure is obtained which has substantially uniform multi-ply thickness throughout the entire area thereof. Further, provision of these recesses to accommodate the identied wings of the blank insures that these wings will not interfere with uniformly efficient bonding of the facingly engaged parts of the blank bottom closure portion 4l together as pressure is applied to the overlapped parts of this blank portion to complete the bottom closure operation.

In closing the top of the package, the upper opposed end wall parts 68 and 69 are pushed toward each other to bend the mouth closure parts E and 54 toward the overlapped mouth closure parts 59 and G5, and similarly to move the mouth closure panels 6| and B3 inwardly toward the Concurrently, the mouth closure parts 62 and l0 and the overlapped mouth closure parts ll, "l2, 5S, and 65 are moved toward each other. As this operation is completed, the panels 6!) and 6| are respectively moved into facing engagement with the panels 59 and 62 with the lining material perforations 37o in registry with the lining material perforations 3111, and similarly with the lining material perforations 31p in registry with the lining material perforations 31s. Concurrently, the mouth closure panels 63 and 64 are respectively moved into facing engagement with the panels 52 and t5. Here also, the lining material perforations 37k and 31h are respectively positioned to be brought into registry with the lining material perforations 31m and 31g. Further, those perforations 31 disposed in the center zone of the panel B2 are brought into registry with the perforations 31s disposed at the left end portion of the top closure panel 59.

Thus, direct adhesive bonding of the backing material laminations of the overlapped mouth closing members SQ to t5, inclusive, may be obtained after these panels are vbrought into facing engagement in the manner described. The final forming operation is that of folding the flap 68 down over the mouth closure panel t2 to bring the perforated lining material side of this flap into facing engagement with the thermoplastic adhesive coated area 35h of the mouth closure panel 62. Heat and pressure may now be applied t-o the facingly engaged and overlapped mouth closure panels to eiect melting of the thermoplastic adhesive materials coating the areas 39a and 39h and thus produce the desired sealing engagement between these panels of the blank. After the thermoplastic adhesive materials have cooled and reset, the pressure may be removed, leaving the engaged parts of the top closure structure bonded together. rlhus, formation of the package is completed.

As indicated above, when a non--stretchable metallic nlm, such as aluminum foil, is used as the lining material Il, it is highly desirable not to bond the lining material to the backing material le over the score lines 33. Also, when conventional types of adhesives, such as water-soluble glues, are employed in laminating the lining material to the backing material, it is desirable not to apply the adhesive material to the areas of the backing material which are exposed through the perforation openings 3l of the completed blank, However, if a lining material having reasonable elasticity, such for example, as plastic films of the Pliolm type, is used, and a thermoplastic adhesive material is employed in laminating the lining material I! to the backing material Hl, the entire surface of each blank area Sila may be covered with the adhesive material, in advance of lamination, at the adhesive stencilling stage I6, such that the lining material is adhered to the backing math-lai over the entire area of the blank and the thermoplastic adhesive material covers the surfaces of the backing material exposed through the perforations 3l'.

If the last-described method of laminating is employed, the thermoplastic adhesive applicating step performed at the stage 2@ of the apparatus may be disposed with. However, in coating the completed blank over the lining material side thereof preparatory to forming the blank into a package, it is essential that the same type of thermoplastic adhesive material be used, in order that the adhesive material exposed through the perforation openings 3l? may be reheated toa plastic state for effective fusion with the second coat of adhesive material. Further, the second adhesive coating step, performed in the package forming machine, should also include coating of the zone 39a with the adhesive material in order that the top closure structure of the package may be formed in the manner explaimd above.

From the preceding detailed description ofthe packaging blank 3@ and the manner of forming the same into a closed package, it will be understood that the lining material perforations El are in each and every instance so positioned as to permit direct adhesive bonding of overlapped backing material parts to each other. At the same time, in each case where a lining material surface is brought into overlapped facing engagement with another lining material surface or with a backing material surface, the

atri-lanes" two engaged surfaces are adhered together throughout the areas of engagement. The lastmentioned adhesive bonds, i. e., those adhering a lining material surface oi the blank either to a lining material or to a backing material surface, serve completely to seal the package internally against leakage through the lining material lamination. On the other hand, the adhesive bonds provided through the lining material periorations 3l effectively function as rivets between the outer backing material laminations, which so strengthen the completed package structure as to prevent separa-tion of the parts adhered together and more important to prevent failure of the adhesive material layer which bonds certain areas or" the lining material to each other and also to overlapped areasof the backing material.

It will also bg apparent from the preceding explanation that when the lining material l! is not adhered to the backing material le over narrow strip areas centrally embracing the score lines 33, the folding or bending operations required in forming the blank into the package may be periormed with minimum likelihood of periorating the lining material at one or more points along these lines inside the package. Thus, the lining material which overlies the score linesis entirely free to move independently of Vthe adjacent segmental areas of the backing material and hence is not subject to the same tension and compressional strains as are imposed upon the backing mate-rial in carrying out the described folding operations. Further, all of the edges Site which are exposed to the `contents of the completed package are completely sealed against liquid penetration by the edge seal Sif. Moreover, the boundaries 38 Within which the lining material perforations 3'! are confined are so marginally spaced from the boundaries of the adhesive materialcoating Aemployed in forming the blank into a package that each lining material perforation is effectively sealed orf by this adhesive material from the inside of the completed package. As va result of these features, the inwardly disposed lining material iamination of the completed package is completely sealed independently of :the backing material lamination. In other words, the desired end is achieved of relying solely upon the lining material lamination 'to completely seal the package and relying upon the backing material lamination to supply the strength and Vrigidity to the package structure necessary `to protect ,the sealed container afforded by the lining Vmaterial lamination.

While one embodiment or' the invention has been disclosed, `it will be understood thatvarious kmodifications may be made -therein which are within the true spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What is desired to be secured by Letters Patent ofthe United States is: l

l. lin apparatus for forming sheet backing niaterial'and sheet lining material into a laminate packaging blank having certain portions which are adapted to be acingly engaged and adhered together in forming the blank into a package, perforating device for perforating said lining material within the boundaries of the nnished blank over only those areas defined by said certain portions of the blank, a laminating device for bring ing said perforated lining material and backing material together and for adhering said materials together and means synchronously moving said 2e lining material and said backing material through` said laminating device with said perforated por tions of said lining material in registry with the( areas of sai-d backing'material denning certain portions of the nished blank.

2. In apparatus for forming sheeting backing material and sheet lining material into a laminated packaging blank having certain portions which are adapted to be facingly engaged and' adhered together in orming the blank into a package, a perforating device for perforating said lining material within the boundaries of the iin'- ished blank over only those areas defined by said certain'portions of the blank, a laminating device for bringing said perforated lining material and said backing material together and for adhering said materials together, a blank cutting device for cutting the blank from the laminated matcrials along the boundaries with reference to which said perorations are formed in said lining material, and means Vfor synchronously operating said devices to maintain the nished blank boundaries of said materials in registry as said materials move into said laminating device and to cut said laminated materials along said boundaries in said cutting device.

3. Apparatus for continuously forming continuous sheet backing material and continuous sheet lining material into laminated packaging blanks each having certain portions which are adapted to be acingly engaged and adhered together in forming the blank into a package, comprising synchronously operated devices for separately edge perforating said sheet materials along one edge of each material sheet, a plurality of devices for successively performing different operations on said backing material over surface portions of said backing material which bear predetermined positions relative to the boundaries of each iinished blank, a perforating device for perfo-rating said lining material within the boundaries or" each finished blank over only those areas dened by said certain portions of each iinished blank, a laminating device for adhering said f lining material and said backing material togethe'r rand including means operated synchl'onously with said edge perforating devices and engageable with said Yedge periorations for bringing the finished blank boundaries of the two materials into registry before said materials are adhered together, a blank cutting device for cutting the blanks from the laminated materials along said nished blank lboundaries, and means for synchronously' operating said devices on a repetitive basis to effect continuous production of nished blanks by the described progressive vstage operations 'on said materials.

4. Apparatus for continuously forming sheet backing material and sheet liningV material into laminated packaging blanks, each having certain portionswhich are 'adapted to be facingly engaged and adhered together in forming the blank into 'a package, comprising a plurality of devices for successively performing different operations on said backing material over surface portions of said backing material which bear predetermined positions relative `to the boundaries of each 'nished blank, 'a perforating device for perforating said lining material within the boundaries'of each 'iinished blank over only those areas defined by said certain portionsY of each nished blank, a laminating device for 'bringing said perforated lin# ing material and 'said backing material together with the finished blank boundaries thereof in registry and for adhering said 'materials together,

a blank cutting device for cutting theblanks 'from the laminated materials along said finished blank boundaries, and means for synchronously operating said devices on a repetitive basis to effect continuous production of finished blanks by the de scribed progressive stage operations on said materials. A

5. Apparatus for forming sheet backing material and sheet lining material into a laminated packaging blank having certain portions which are adapted to be facingly engaged and adhered together in forming the blank into a package, comprising synchronously operated devices for separately edge perforating said materials along one edge of each material sheet, a plurality of devices for successively performing difierent operations on said backing material over surface portions of said backing material which bear predetermined positions relative to the boundaries of the finished blank, a device for perforating said lining material Within the boundaries of the finished blank over only those areas thereof defined by said certain portions of the finished blank, a laminating device for adhering said lining material and said backing material together and including means operated synchronously with said edge perforating devices and engageable with said edge perforations for bringing the finished blank boundaries of the two materials into registry before they are adhered together, and a blank cutting device for cutting the blanks from the laminated materials along said finished blank boundaries.

6. In apparatus for forming sheet backing material and sheet lining material into a laminated packaging blank having certain portions which are adapted to be facingly engaged and adhered together in forming the blank into a package, synchronously operated d-evices for separatel,7 edge perforating said backing material and said lining material along at least one edge thereof, means for performing at least one op eration on said backing material over a surface portion thereof deiined by the boundaries of the finished blank, a device for perforating said lining material Within the boundaries of the finished blank only over those areas thereof dened by said certain portions of the finished blank, and a laminating device for adhering said lining material and said backing material together and including means operated synchronously with said edge perforating devices and engageable with said edge perforations for bringing the finished blank boundaries of the two materials into registry before they are adhered together.

'7. The method of forming sheet backing material and sheet lining material into a laminated packaging blank having certain portions which are adapted to be facingly engaged and adhered together in forming the blank into a package, which comprises scoring said backing material to produce fold lines thereon within the boundaries of the finished blank, perforating said lining material within the boundaries of the nnished blank over only those areas dened by said certain portions of the finished blank, bringing the finished blank boundaries of said materials into registry, adhering said lining material to said backing material over areas which are marginally spaced at least from those fold lines which are to be exposed to the package contents upon formation of the blank into a package, and cutting the resulting laminated structure along said boundaries to form the blank.

8. A continuous method of forming sheet backs' ing material and sheet lining material into laminated packaging blanks each having certain portions which are adapted to be facingly engaged and adhered together in forming the blank into a package, which comprises continuously moving said lining material and backing material in synchronism to produce and maintain registration of those corresponding areas of the lining material and backing material which define the boundaries of finished blanks, perforating said moving lining material Within the boundaries of each finished blank only over those areas defined by said certain portions of the finished blank, applying adhesive to said moving backing material only over predetermined portions of each finished blank area which do not register with the perforated areas of said lining material in each finished blank, engaging the moving lining material With the adhesive coated side of the moving backing material to form a laminated structure, and cutting the moving laminated structure along the blank boundaries to forni the blanks. l

9. A method of continuously forming sheet backing material and sheet lining material into laminated package blanks each having certain liner portions which are adapted to be facingly engaged and adhered together in forming the blank into a package, which comprises continously moving said lining material and backing material in synchronism to produce and maintain registration of those corresponding areas of the lining material and backing material which denne the boundaries of nished blanks, perforating said moving lining material within the boundaries of each finished blank over predetermined areas of said certain portions of the finished blank liner lamination, perforating said moving lining material within the boundaries of each finished blank over other areas of said certain portions of the finished blank lamination which register With said predetermined areas in forming the blank into a package, applying adhesive 'to said moving backing material only over predetermined portions of each nished blank area which are not adapted to register with the perforated areas oI said lining material, engaging the moving lining material with 'the adhesive coated side of the moving backing mate-` rial to form a laminated structure, and cutting; the moving laminated structure along the blank: boundaries to form the blanks.

10. A continuous method of forming sheet'y backing material and sheet lining material into laminated packaging blanks each having a mouth closure portion and certain other portions which are adapted to be facingly engaged and adhered together in forming the blank into a package, Which comprises continuously moving said lining material and backing material in synchronism to produce and maintain registration of those corresponding areas of the lining material and backing material which define the boundaries of finished blanks, perforating said moving lining maf terial within the boundaries of each finished blank only over those areas dened by said pcrtions of the finished blank, applying adhesive to said moving backing material only over predetermined portions of each finished blank area which are not adapted to register with the perforated areas of said lining material, engaging the moving lining material With the adhesive coated side of the moving backing material to form a ze: laminated. structure. applying a thermo-plastic adhesive to.: the perforated liner side of the moving laminatedstructureover atleast apart of; the mouthclosure portion areaoteach finished blank, and cutting the movinglaminated structure. along the blank boundaries to form the blanks;

11.,.A. continuous method of. forming. sheet backing. material and. sheet. lining. material into laminated packagingzblanks. eachhaving a mouth closure portion. and. certain other portions which` are adapted to be facingly engagedand. adhered together in. forming the blank into a package, which. comprises continuously: moving. said lining material and backing. material in.A synchronism to` produce- Yand maintain registration of those corresponding. areas of. the.l lining material andvr hacking material. which define the boundaries.. of.. finished. blanks,` perforating., said moving lining material Within the boundaries of. each. nished blank only over those. areas defined by saidportions.Y of the nished blank, applying adhesive to. said. moving backing materal only over predetermined portions. of each finished blank area which are noti adapted to register with the. perforated areas of said lining material, engaging the. moving. lining. material with the adhesivecoated side of themovingbacking material toiorm a laminated structure, .applying a thermo-plastic adhesive. to bothsidesof the movinglaminated structure. over at least. a partei the mouth closure; portion area of each finished. b1ank,. and cutting. the. moving; lam.-Y inated.. structure along the blank boundaries. to form the blanks.

l2. Apparatus. for. continuously forming sheet backing material. and sheet lining material into laminated packaging. blanks each having certain portions. which are adapted to be acingly engaged and adhered together in. forming. the blank into a package, which. comprises driving; means for continuously moving said lin-ing ma terial and backingmaterial in synchronism to produce and maintain registration of those corresponding areasy of the lining, material and'v backing material which. denne the boundaries-of finished. blanks, a liner perforating device forv perforating said movinglining material` within the boundaries of-each iinished blank only over those areas defined by said certainportions of the nished blank, an adhesive applicator for applying adhesive. to said moving backing material only overpredetermined portions. of each linished blank area. Whichare. not. adapted tol register with the perforated areasf off said lining material, a laminating devioelf'or engaging; the

moving lining. material with' the adhesiveco'ated side of the moving backing material "to, form. a laminated structure, vand ablank cutting device for cutting the moving laminatedstruct'ure along. the blank boundaries to form-the blanks.

i3. The method offorming sheet backing material and sheetlining Vmaterial''into laminated` packages` each having certain portions 'Which' are facingly engaged and adhered" together; whichv comprises continuouslymovingsaid lining mat'erial and backing materialin synchron-ism to produce and maintain registration of' those cor`- responding areas of the lining material and backing materialwliich'dene the boundaries'o finished blanks, perfor-ating said moving lining material within the boundaries of eachnished blank only over those areas denedV by' said certainportionsioi the finished' blank, applying` ad'-` hesive to saidimovingbacking material only over predetermined'fportions of each finished blank area whicharenot adaptedy to register with the perforated areas of saidlining. material, engaging the moving lining material with the adhesive coated sideof the moving backing material to form-.a laminated structure, ,cutting the moving laminated struct-ure along the blank boundaries to formthe` blanks, applying an. adhesive to the perforated-liner side of each blank over the` area thereof dened'by atleast apart of said certain portionsfoi the blank, andforming each adhesive coated-blank into Aa: package. Y

14; The4 method ofvforming, sheet backing material and sheet liningmaterial into laminated packages each having mouth closure portions andcertain other portions which are acingly engaged and adhered; together, which comprises continuously moving said lining material and backingmaterial in synchronism to produce and maintain` registration of those corresponding areasof. thelining material and backing matemit.

.. rial which. define theV boundaries of finished over predetermined portions'l of each iinished blank area which are not adapted to register with the' perfo-rated areas of saidlining material, engaging. the moving lining material with the ad f hesivc'f'coatedV side of the' moving backing material to'form a laminated structure, applying. a thermo-plastic adhesive to both sides of the moving laminated structure over at least a part of the mouth closure portion areas of each nnished blank, cutting the moving laminated structure along the blank boundaries` to form the blanks, applyingan"adhesive to one side of each blankover'the area thereofY deiined" by' at least a part of said certain portions of theblank, forming4 each adhesive coatedV blank into an open package, moving the mouth closure portions of each open package thus formed into engagemenlbandv applying heatfand pressure to the facingly' engagedk mouth closure portions of each packagev to melt the thermoep-lastic adhesive and thus bond the' facingly engaged mouth closure portionslofn the-blank together.

JUIIIUS A. ZINN, JR.

REFERENCES" CITED flhe'following referenties are' of record in the file ofthis' patenti' UNITED' STATES- PATENTS i Number Name Date' 1,597,677 Everett Aug. 31, 1926 2,131,343 Gordiano etal. Sept. 217, 1938 2,144,331 Fulk r r 1 Jan. 17, 1939 FGREIGN PATENTS Number Country.V Date 436,907 Germany .NOV. 11, 1926 648,269 France' Aug. 13, 1928 766,947 France Apr. 23, 1934 795,268 France' Y Jan. 2, 1936k 

